Jefferson was a widower when his presidency began, and his daughter, Martha, acted as first lady , along with wives of the Cabinet secretaries. Rachel Jackson died just months before her husband's inauguration. Her niece Emily Donelson and his daughter-in-law Sarah Yorke Jackson acted as first lady in her absence. Martin Van Buren was also a widower, and his daughter-in-law Angelica Singleton Van Buren oversaw the duties of first lady.
Tyler's first wife, Letitia, died from a stroke while in the White House. He married his second wife, Julia, while still serving as president.
Buchanan was a lifelong bachelor. His niece, Harriet Lane , acted as first lady during his term. Chester A.
Arthur was a widower when he became president after Garfield was shot, and his sister, Mary Arthur McElroy , served as first lady in his wife's place. Grover Cleveland served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States. Cleveland's two terms were split apart by the presidency of Benjamin Harrison.
He married Frances during his first term, and she took over the duties of White House hostess from his sister, Rose Cleveland. Wilson's first wife, Ellen , died from an illness during her husband's presidency. He then remarried in to his second wife, Edith. For you. World globe An icon of the world globe, indicating different international options. Get the Insider App. Click here to learn more. Obama and Dr. Jill Biden came together to launch Joining Forces , a nationwide initiative calling all Americans to rally around service members, veterans, and their families and support them through wellness, education, and employment opportunities.
Joining Forces works hand in hand with the public and private sector to ensure that service members, veterans, and their families have the tools they need to succeed throughout their lives. Obama launched the Reach Higher Initiative, an effort to inspire young people across America to take charge of their future by completing their education past high school, whether at a professional training program, a community college, or a four-year college or university.
Reach Higher aims to ensure that all students understand what they need to complete their education by working to expose students to college and career opportunities; helping them understand financial aid eligibility; encouraging academic planning and summer learning opportunities; and supporting high school counselors who do essential work to help students get into college.
As part of this effort, Mrs. Lady Bird Johnson was more of a Texas gripper than a hugger. Pat Nixon nixed hugging. As for Mrs. Reagan, her hugs could be reserved for West Point cadets — or for Mr. T, on whose lap she memorably sat that time he dressed up as Santa for a White House Christmas.
Michelle's father, Fraser Robinson, was a city-pump operator and a Democratic precinct captain. Her mother, Marian, was a secretary at Spiegel's but later stayed home to raise Michelle and her older brother, Craig. At just 21 months apart in age, Craig and Michelle were often mistaken for twins. The Robinson family lived in a small bungalow on Chicago's South Side.
Michelle and Craig shared quarters, sleeping in the living room with a sheet serving as a makeshift room divider. They were a close-knit family, typically sharing meals, reading and playing games together. Raised with an emphasis on education, both Michelle and her brother learned to read at home by age four.
Both skipped the second grade. By the sixth grade, Michelle was taking classes in her school's gifted program, where she learned French and completed accelerated courses in biology.
Michelle went on to attend Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, the city's first magnet high school for gifted children, where, among other activities, she served as the student government treasurer. In , she graduated from the school as class salutatorian. Following in her older brother's footsteps, Michelle attended Princeton University, graduating cum laude in with a B. She went on to study law at Harvard Law School, where she took part in demonstrations calling for the enrollment and hiring of more minority students and professors.
She was awarded her J. They met in , at Michelle's first job as a lawyer at the Chicago firm Sidley Austin. Her future husband, Barack, was a summer intern to whom Michelle was assigned as an adviser. Initially, Michelle refused to date Barack, believing that their work relationship would make the romance improper.
She eventually relented, however, and the couple soon fell in love. After two years of dating, Barack proposed. After graduating law school in , Michelle worked as an associate in the Chicago branch of the firm Sidley Austin in the area of marketing and intellectual property.
In , she left corporate law to pursue a career in public service, working as an assistant to Mayor Richard Daley and then as the assistant commissioner of planning and development for the City of Chicago. In , Michelle became executive director for the Chicago office of Public Allies, a nonprofit leadership-training program that helped young adults develop skills for future careers in the public sector. Beginning in , she worked for the University of Chicago Hospitals, as executive director of community relations and external affairs.
In May , Michelle was appointed vice president for community and external affairs at the University of Chicago Medical Center, where she continued to work part-time until shortly before her husband's inauguration as president.
She also served as a board member for the prestigious Chicago Council on Global Affairs. Michelle first caught the eye of a national audience while at her husband's side when he delivered a high-profile speech at the Democratic National Convention in Barack was elected as U. Senator from Illinois that November. In , Michelle scaled back her own professional work to attend to family and campaign obligations during Barack's run for the Democratic presidential nomination.
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