It will take seven days and more than a dozen attempts to capture the hill. Marines will suffer thousands of casualties. They choose November 1, , as D-Day. Despite reports that its war-making capability is severely limited and collapsing, the government decides Japan will fight to the death. June 18, Truman's advisers brief him on U. The president is particularly concerned about casualties and only approves an invasion of the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.
He postpones a decision on the proposed second phase -- an invasion of the Tokyo area. June 22, The U. American forces have suffered more than 12, dead or missing, and more than 36, wounded. The losses on the Japanese side are even higher. Emperor Hirohito meets with his war cabinet and advocates for a diplomatic solution to the war. The war cabinet agrees to ask the Soviet Union to mediate a peace with the Allies.
July 16, The U. Army successfully tests the world's first atomic bomb in Alamogordo, New Mexico. Stalin reaffirms his commitment to enter the war against Japan. July 26, The Allies issue the Potsdam Declaration. It calls on Japan to surrender its armed forces unconditionally or risk "prompt and utter destruction. He bases his decision on radio intelligence that indicates such a guarantee would not be enough to obtain surrender. From the U. Augusta Truman announces the bomb to the public.
August 7, General George Marshall, the chief proponent of invasion, expresses his doubts about going forward to General MacArthur after learning that the Japanese have massively built up their Japanese forces on Kyushu. August 9, Japan learns that the Soviets have entered the war. The War Cabinet meets to discuss the Potsdam Declaration, which it has so far ignored.
In the middle of the meeting the cabinet learns the U. Those servicemen Twenty-three sets of brothers died aboard USS Arizona. Of these 77 men, 62 were killed, and 23 sets of brothers died. Only one full set of brothers, Kenneth and Russell Warriner, In The destruction is so massive other American PT boats in the area assume the crew is dead.
Two crewmen were, in fact, killed, but 11 survived, including Lt. John F. On June 7, , the Battle of Midway—one of the most decisive U.
In the four-day sea and air battle, the outnumbered U. Pacific Fleet succeeded in destroying four Japanese aircraft carriers with the loss of only one of its In Tokyo, Japan, the International Military Tribunals for the Far East begins hearing the case against 28 Japanese military and government officials accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity during World War II.
On November 4, , the trial ended with 25 of British forces recaptured Burma. In early , American forces suffered heavy losses during the invasions of Iwo Jima February and Okinawa April , an island of strategic importance off the coast of the Japanese home islands. Despite these casualties and suicidal Japanese air attacks, known as Kamikaze attacks, American forces conquered Okinawa in mid-June Tens of thousands of people died in the initial explosion, and many more died later from radiation exposure.
Three days later, the United States dropped a bomb on the Japanese city of Nagasaki. Estimates vary, but at least , civilians died as a result of the two blasts. After Japan agreed to surrender on August 14, , American forces began to occupy Japan.
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