Collecting guide: Orientalist Art An expert introduction to a category featuring 19th-century European visions of mosques, markets and harems in far-off lands. Beyond the Brotherhood: female artists of the Victorian era Specialist Sarah Reynolds illuminates the lives and careers of some of the artists featuring in Pre-Raphaelite Sisters at the National Portrait Gallery in London.
Related Department 19th century european art. Related artists Giovanni boldini Louis marie de schryver Henri gervex Paul cesar helleu Jean-francois raffaelli. Tap to Close. Since as a result of the industrialisation many women now also worked in factories, another result of it was the beginning of women's liberation movement : Industrial safety and equalisation were claimed for all professions.
Besides this, everywhere the right to vote and eligibility of women were claimed, too. The first state conceding the right to vote to women was Wyoming in , other American states followed the example — in Europe, before the First World War, only Finland in and Norway in restricted already in conceded to women the right to vote.
A considerable merit of the scientific development and the cultural heyday had the European Jews. The XIXth century was the period of Jewish emancipation and assimilation. Whereas, however, in Germany under William II and Austria under Francis Joseph, the military had a great political and social influence so that together with the upper and middle classes they were able to evoke a racist anti-Semitism , the Jews in France first had to suffer the setback of the Dreyfus affair which nevertheless — after the publishing of the scandal and the withdrawing of the verdict — resulted in a 'militant anti-militarism ' of the French society refusing any kind of anti-Semitism.
The end of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth century marks also the transition to the century of masses: the mass transport railway, underground , the mass education, the mass production, the mass accommodation, the mass distraction and media circus, cabaret, cinema , but also art for the masses.
In principle, people living in this period were materially confident and culturally optimistic. Art of any genre prospered like never before: From impressionism to Art Nouveau and cubism, from romantic until twelve-tone music, from romantic and lyric until political and socio-critical literature.
All social classes were seized by the feeling of a new start into better times, wanted to stop old-fashioned traditions, to participate in progress and to profit of their income. So began, on this basis, the time which nowadays not only the French call the Belle Epoque. When speaking of the Belle Epoque, everybody usually has his own ideas which exact period is meant.
There's no doubt that it concerns a period somewhere between and Historical research has not fixed the term yet. So when did it really begin and how long did it last? In , Oscar Wilde contributed to disseminate the aestheticism by publishing his papers about "House Decoration" or "Art and the Handicraftsman". The foundation of the Munich Secession took place in , the foundation of the magazine "Die Jugend" The Youth in ; in followed the foundation of the Vienna Secession. While French imperialism, especially in Africa, brought new riches to the wealthy, the working classes remained largely impoverished.
Anarchists began to toss bombs, a practice that continued right up to the advent of the Great War. In this Alumni College, we'll study primarily the many achievements of the era, with Paris as our central focus.
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