Nitric acid is colorless when pure but has a yellowish appearance when it is old due to the collection of nitrogen oxides. Upon distillation, nitric acid in its pure form begins to boil at Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent. It ionizes readily in solution, forming a good conductor of electricity. It reacts with metals, oxides, and hydroxides, forming nitrate salts. Chief uses of nitric acid are in the preparation of fertilizers, e. It is also used in the manufacture of chemicals, e.
Nitric acid is produced chiefly by oxidation of ammonia through the Ostwald process. Small amounts are produced by the treatment of sodium nitrate with sulfuric acid. Nitric acid is also a component of acid rain. Please call for details.
Nitric acid is shipped in bulk, totes IBC tanks and drums. Nitric acid is also commonly used as a strong oxidizing agent. Nitric acid is made by the reaction of nitrogen dioxide NO 2 with water. Normally, the nitric oxide produced by the reaction is re-oxidized by the oxygen in air to produce additional nitrogen dioxide.
Adding sulfuric acid to a nitrate salt and heating the mixture with an oil bath can make almost pure nitric acid. A condenser is used to condense the nitric acid fumes that bubble out of the solution. Dissolved nitrogen oxides are either stripped in the case of white fuming nitric acid, or remain in solution to form red fuming nitric acid.
More recently, electrochemical means have been developed to produce anhydrous acid from concentrated nitric acid feedstock.
Production of nitric acid is via the Ostwald process, named after German chemist Wilhelm Ostwald. In this process, anhydrous ammonia is oxidized to nitric oxide, in the presence of platinum or rhodium gauge catalyst at high temperature of about K and a pressure of 9 bar.
Nitric acid is used in the production of ammonium nitrate for fertilizers, making plastics, and in the manufacture of dyes. It is also used for making explosives such as nitroglycerin and TNT.
When it is combined with hydrochloric acid, an element called aqua regia is formed. This is a reagent that is capable of dissolving gold and platinum. Additionally, it is used in a colorimetric test to distinguish heroin and morphine. Nitric acid is commonly used in science laboratories at schools for experimenting when specifically testing for chloride. This is accomplished by adding a sample with silver nitrate solution and nitric acid to test if a white precipitate, silver chloride is present.
Nitric acid has a characteristic choking odor that is acrid and suffocating. It is a caustic and corrosive liquid which will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. Nitric acid is not combustible, but it may give off poisionous oxides of nitrogen and acid fumes when heated in fire. Nitric acid is mainly used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, flares and rocket propellants. Nitric acids react with toluene in the presence of sulfuric acid to form trinitrotoluene TNT.
Keywords: oxidizing agent , monobasic , explosives , fertilizers. Reciprocal Net site software 0. Reciprocal Net is funded by the U.
Site Info Search. Log in. Nitric acid aq Nitric acid is a strong monobasic acid and an oxidizing agent, which is characterized by a colorless, yellow, or red liquid. Crystallographic details
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